Block Planes

About Block Planes

Block planes are essential hand tools for any woodworker, carpenter, or joiner who demands precision finishing work. These compact, single-handed planes are specifically designed for planing end grain, chamfering edges, and fine trimming tasks where larger bench planes would be too cumbersome. With their low blade angle and compact body, block planes excel at creating smooth, flat surfaces on smaller workpieces and are indispensable for fitting doors, trimming joints, and achieving perfect mitres.

The versatility of a quality block plane makes it one of the most frequently reached-for tools in any workshop or toolbox. Whether you're a professional carpenter working on site installations, a joiner crafting bespoke furniture, or a DIY enthusiast tackling home improvements, a well-tuned block plane delivers unmatched control and precision. Our range includes trusted brands such as Stanley, Record, Faithfull, Bahco, Draper, and Sealey, offering everything from traditional cast iron models to modern lightweight designs suitable for various applications and budgets.

Block planes typically feature adjustable blade depth settings, allowing you to take ultra-fine shavings for finish work or slightly heavier cuts for rapid stock removal. Many models include adjustable mouth openings to control tear-out on difficult grain patterns, making them adaptable to different timber species and grain orientations. Whether you need a standard block plane for general purpose work or a low-angle variant for working end grain and difficult timbers, our selection caters to all skill levels and requirements.

Jargon Buster

• Blade Angle: The angle at which the cutting iron sits in the plane body. Standard block planes typically feature a 20-degree bed angle, whilst low-angle versions use 12 degrees for better end-grain performance.
• Mouth Opening: The gap in front of the blade where shavings emerge. A tighter mouth provides better support for the wood fibres, reducing tear-out on delicate or figured timbers.
• End Grain: The exposed surface of wood fibres when cut across the grain direction. Block planes are specifically designed to handle this challenging cutting orientation smoothly.
• Blade Depth Adjustment: The mechanism controlling how far the blade protrudes from the sole of the plane, determining the thickness of shavings removed with each pass.
• Sole (or Base): The flat bottom surface of the plane that rides along the workpiece. A perfectly flat, smooth sole is essential for achieving accurate results.
• Chamfer: A bevelled edge created by removing a corner at an angle, often achieved quickly and accurately with a block plane.

Who Uses Block Planes?

Block planes are indispensable tools for a wide range of trades and applications:

• Carpenters and Joiners: For fitting doors, trimming architraves, and fine-tuning joints on site and in the workshop
• Cabinet Makers: Essential for flush-trimming drawer fronts, chamfering edges, and achieving perfect fitting tolerances
• Shopfitters: Ideal for on-site adjustments and ensuring precise fits in commercial installations
• Furniture Restorers: Perfect for sympathetic repairs and matching existing profiles on period pieces
• Luthiers and Instrument Makers: Used for shaping and fine-tuning wooden components requiring exceptional precision
• DIY Enthusiasts: Invaluable for home improvement projects, from hanging doors to crafting bespoke woodwork
• Set Builders and Theatre Technicians: Handy for quick adjustments and modifications to scenic elements
• Boat Builders: Useful for fitting and shaping wooden components in marine carpentry applications

How to Choose the Right Block Planes

Size and Weight: Standard block planes typically measure between 150-180mm in length. Consider where you'll use the plane most frequently—lighter models suit overhead work and portability, whilst heavier cast iron versions provide better momentum and stability for bench work.

Blade Angle: Standard angle block planes (around 20 degrees) suit general purpose work, whilst low-angle models (12 degrees with the bevel-up blade configuration) excel at end grain and difficult timbers. If you frequently work with hardwoods or challenging grain patterns, a low-angle plane is worth the investment.

Adjustability Features: Look for models with fine blade depth adjustment mechanisms and adjustable mouth openings. These features dramatically improve versatility, allowing you to adapt the plane for different timbers and cutting requirements without lengthy setup times.

Build Quality: Cast iron bodies provide superior flatness and durability compared to pressed steel alternatives. Check that the sole is flat, the adjustment mechanisms operate smoothly, and the blade sits securely without play. Brands like Stanley, Record, and Bahco offer proven reliability.

Budget Considerations: Entry-level models from manufacturers like Faithfull and Sealey provide excellent value for occasional users and DIY enthusiasts. Professional tradespeople working daily should invest in premium models from Stanley, Record, or Bahco for long-term durability and consistent performance.

Popular Accessories

• Replacement Blades: High-carbon steel or premium A2 tool steel blades for improved edge retention and cutting performance
• Honing Guides: Essential for maintaining the correct bevel angle when sharpening plane irons
• Sharpening Stones: Diamond stones, waterstones, or oilstones for keeping blades razor-sharp
• Tool Rolls and Cases: Protective storage solutions to prevent damage during transport and storage
• Marking and Measuring Tools: Combination squares, marking gauges, and scribers for accurate layout work
• Woodworking Vices and Workbenches: Secure work-holding solutions for safe and accurate planing operations
• Bench Stones and Strops: For maintaining and polishing cutting edges to perfection

Safety Information

Whilst block planes are relatively safe hand tools, proper handling ensures accident-free operation and optimal results:

• Always plane away from your body to prevent injury if the tool slips or the workpiece moves unexpectedly
• Ensure workpieces are securely clamped or held in a vice before planing to prevent movement
• Keep blades sharp—dull blades require excessive pressure and are more likely to skip or catch dangerously
• Store block planes with the blade retracted or on their side to protect the cutting edge and prevent accidental contact
• Wear appropriate eye protection, especially when working with hardwoods or reclaimed timber that may contain hidden debris
• Check timber for nails, screws, or other metal fixings before planing to avoid blade damage and potential injury
• Maintain a comfortable, balanced stance whilst planing to ensure control and reduce fatigue during extended use

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between a block plane and a bench plane?

Block planes are smaller, designed for one-handed use, and feature a lower blade angle ideal for end grain work and fine trimming. The blade sits bevel-up, typically at 12-20 degrees. Bench planes are larger, two-handed tools with bevel-down blade configurations, designed for flattening and smoothing larger surfaces along the grain.

How often should I sharpen my block plane blade?

This depends on usage and timber type, but as a general rule, sharpen when the plane requires noticeably more pressure or begins tearing rather than cleanly cutting fibres. Professional tradespeople working daily might sharpen weekly, whilst occasional users may only need sharpening every few months. Regular honing between full sharpenings extends blade life significantly.

Can I use a block plane on MDF or manufactured boards?

Yes, but with caution. MDF and chipboard are highly abrasive and will dull blades much faster than natural timber. Take lighter cuts and expect to sharpen more frequently. Plywood can also contain glue lines that quickly blunt edges. For extensive work with manufactured boards, consider dedicating a separate, less expensive blade.

Do I need a low-angle or standard angle block plane?

For general carpentry, door hanging, and chamfering work, a standard angle block plane (around 20 degrees) is perfectly adequate and often more affordable. However, if you frequently work end grain, plane hardwoods, or work with difficult grain patterns, a low-angle block plane (12 degrees) provides superior performance and is worth the additional investment.

Why isn't my block plane cutting smoothly?

Common causes include a dull blade (sharpen or replace it), incorrect blade depth (adjust for finer cuts), blade misalignment (ensure it's parallel to the sole), or a clogged mouth (clean out shavings). Also check the sole is flat and the blade is seated properly without any play in the adjustment mechanism.