Hammer Drills

About Hammer Drills

Hammer drills, sometimes referred to as impact drills or percussion drills, are robust power tools engineered to tackle demanding drilling tasks in hard materials such as concrete, brick, stone and masonry. The defining characteristic of these tools is their percussive hammering action, which delivers thousands of rapid blows per minute whilst the drill bit rotates. This dual-action mechanism chips away at dense surfaces whilst simultaneously drilling, achieving significantly faster penetration rates than standard rotary drills. For tradespeople working with masonry substrates or homeowners fixing items to brick and concrete walls, a hammer drill is an indispensable piece of equipment.

What makes hammer drills particularly versatile is their ability to function as conventional rotary drills when the hammer action is disengaged. This means a single tool can handle drilling tasks in wood, metal, plastic and composite materials, as well as tackling masonry work. Most models incorporate forward and reverse switches for occasional screwdriving applications, though this isn't their primary function. Available in both corded electric and cordless battery-powered variants, hammer drills offer substantial advantages over standard drill drivers in terms of power output, drilling speed and torque delivery. Corded models typically range from 500W for light DIY tasks through to 1000W+ for professional applications, whilst cordless versions leverage modern lithium-ion battery technology for portable performance.

The selection at Tooled-Up.com features hammer drills from industry-leading manufacturers including Makita, Bosch, DeWalt, Einhell, Sealey, Black & Decker and Draper. Whether you're a professional tradesperson requiring a heavy-duty 1000W machine for daily site work, or a DIY enthusiast seeking a compact 500-600W model for occasional home improvements, you'll find hammer drills engineered to deliver reliable performance across a spectrum of applications and budgets. From drilling pilot holes for wall plugs through to more demanding renovation work on solid masonry structures, these tools combine power, versatility and durability.

Jargon Buster

• Impact Rate (BPM): Measured in blows per minute, this specification indicates how many percussive impacts the hammer mechanism delivers. Typical values range from 20,000 to 50,000 BPM, with higher figures resulting in faster drilling progress through concrete and masonry. Professional-grade models generally offer higher impact rates than budget alternatives.
• Torque: The rotational force generated by the drill's motor, measured in Newton metres (Nm). Higher torque figures provide greater drilling power for larger diameter bits and tougher substrates, preventing the motor from stalling under load. This becomes particularly important when using bits above 10mm diameter in dense concrete.
• Chuck Size: The maximum drill bit shank diameter the chuck mechanism can accommodate. Most hammer drills feature 13mm (½") keyless chucks, which accept the vast majority of standard drilling bits. Some lighter-duty models may have 10mm chucks, which can limit bit selection for larger diameter holes.
• No-Load Speed (RPM): The maximum rotational speed of the chuck when not under load, measured in revolutions per minute. Variable speed triggers allow you to control this parameter for different materials and bit sizes, with lower speeds typically used for larger bits and starting holes accurately.
• Auxiliary Handle: A secondary grip that screws into threaded mounting points on the drill body, providing improved control and stability during operation. This is particularly important when working with masonry, where sudden bit binding can cause the drill to twist unexpectedly.
• Depth Stop: An adjustable metal rod fitted to the drill housing that limits drilling depth, ensuring consistent hole depths for wall plugs and fixings. This accessory proves invaluable when installing multiple fixings that require uniform depths.

Who Uses Hammer Drills?

Hammer drills serve as essential tools across numerous trades and applications:

• General Builders and Construction Workers: Daily use for fixing to concrete, blockwork and brickwork on building sites and renovation projects throughout the UK
• Electricians (Sparkies): Installing electrical back boxes, conduit systems and cable clips to masonry walls and ceilings in commercial and domestic installations
• Plumbers and Heating Engineers: Fixing pipe clips, radiator brackets, boiler mountings and sanitaryware to brick and concrete surfaces
• Carpenters and Joiners (Chippies): Securing timber frames, door linings, skirting boards and architectural joinery to masonry walls using appropriate fixings
• Kitchen and Bathroom Fitters: Installing wall units, basin pedestals, shower enclosures and cabinetry requiring secure fixings into tiled surfaces and blockwork
• Shopfitters and Maintenance Teams: Mounting shelving systems, signage, display fixtures and equipment to commercial premises with concrete and brick structures
• Landscape Gardeners: Fixing trellis panels, gate posts, outdoor lighting and garden structures to brick walls and concrete bases
• DIY Enthusiasts and Home Improvers: Installing shelving, curtain poles, TV brackets, picture frames and home improvements requiring masonry fixings

How to Choose the Right Hammer Drills

Power Output: For occasional DIY tasks such as hanging pictures and light shelving, a 500-650W model provides adequate power without unnecessary expense. The Einhell TC-ID 650 E represents this category well, offering sufficient performance for intermittent home use. Professional tradespeople undertaking daily drilling with larger diameter bits (10mm and above) should specify 750-1000W models such as the Makita HP1631K or Bosch GSB 21-2RE, which deliver superior drilling speed and maintain performance under continuous operation without thermal overload.

Corded vs Cordless: Corded models connect to 240v mains electricity, providing unlimited runtime and consistent power delivery throughout extended drilling sessions. These prove ideal for site work where electrical supply is readily available and where continuous operation is required. Cordless variants like the Einhell TC-ID 18 Li offer enhanced mobility and convenience for working in locations without mains access or where trailing cables present trip hazards. Battery capacity will limit continuous use time, so consider purchasing additional battery packs if you anticipate extended cordless operation.

Chuck Capacity and Type: Most hammer drills feature 13mm keyless chucks, which accommodate the vast majority of drilling applications from 4mm masonry bits through to 13mm diameter holes. Keyless chucks enable rapid bit changes without requiring separate chuck keys, improving workflow efficiency on site. Ensure your chosen model accepts the bit sizes you'll commonly require for your specific applications.

Variable Speed Control: A variable speed trigger provides precise control for starting holes accurately and adjusting rotational speed to suit different materials. Electronic speed control systems maintain consistent power delivery under varying loads, preventing speed drop-off when the bit encounters particularly dense areas within concrete. This feature proves especially valuable when working with larger diameter bits or drilling through reinforced concrete.

Additional Features: Forward and reverse switches enable screwdriving applications and help release jammed bits from holes. Auxiliary handles significantly improve control and reduce user fatigue during extended operation. Depth stops ensure consistent hole depths across multiple fixings. Some models include carrying cases for improved portability and organised storage of accessories between jobs.

Build Quality and Brand Reputation: Professional-grade tools from Makita, Bosch Professional and DeWalt offer superior durability, precision bearings, robust gearing and extended service life for daily trade use. These tools typically incorporate metal gear housings and higher specification components. DIY-focused brands like Einhell, Draper and Black & Decker provide excellent value for occasional home use without the premium price associated with professional ranges. Tooled-Up stocks both professional and DIY ranges to suit different requirements and budgets.

Popular Accessories

• Masonry Drill Bits: Tungsten carbide tipped bits specifically engineered for drilling concrete, brick, stone and blockwork. Available in comprehensive sets or individual sizes from 4mm through to 16mm and larger diameters for specialist applications
• HSS Drill Bits: High-speed steel bits for drilling metal, ferrous and non-ferrous materials when the hammer function is switched off to rotary-only mode
• Wood Drill Bits: Brad point, lip and spur, and flat wood bits for accurate drilling in timber when using rotary-only mode without hammer action
• Multi-Purpose Drill Bits: Versatile bits designed to drill wood, metal, plastic and masonry with a single bit, reducing the need for frequent bit changes
• Wall Plugs and Fixings: Rawlplug, Fischer and Timco wall plugs in various sizes and materials to match your drilled holes, plus specialist fixings for hollow walls and thermalite blocks
• Depth Stops and Guides: Precision depth control accessories ensuring accurate, consistent drilling depths for professional results and uniform fixing installations
• Carrying Cases: Robust storage cases protecting your investment and keeping drill bits, wall plugs and accessories organised for transportation between jobs
• Replacement Chucks: Extend tool service life when original chucks experience wear or damage from heavy use

Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment: Always wear safety glasses or goggles conforming to BS EN 166 to protect your eyes from flying debris, particularly when drilling masonry which generates dust particles and fragments. Hearing protection conforming to BS EN 352 is advisable for extended use, as hammer drills generate significant noise levels, often exceeding 85dB. Dust masks or respirators should be worn when drilling materials producing harmful dust, particularly when working with concrete or older buildings that may contain hazardous substances. Consider RPE (respiratory protective equipment) rated FFP2 or FFP3 for prolonged masonry drilling.

Electrical Safety: When using corded models, ensure cables maintain good condition and appropriate specifications for the environment. Always use an RCD (residual current device) when working outdoors or in damp conditions to prevent electric shock. Verify the tool is rated for UK mains voltage (240v) and never operate damaged equipment. Inspect power cables before each use for cuts, abrasions or damage to outer sheathing.

Safe Operating Practices: Always secure workpieces properly before drilling to prevent movement. Use the auxiliary handle for improved control, particularly when drilling larger holes where sudden bit binding can cause the drill to twist violently. Check for hidden cables and pipes before drilling into walls using a cable and pipe detector – this is especially important in domestic properties. Ensure the hammer function is switched off when drilling wood or metal to prevent damage to materials and bits. Allow the tool to reach full operating speed before applying pressure, and avoid forcing the drill – let the percussive action do the work with steady, moderate pressure.

Work Environment: Maintain adequate lighting and ventilation, particularly when drilling indoors where dust accumulation can occur. Keep your work area tidy to prevent trip hazards from cables and equipment. Follow HSE (Health and Safety Executive) guidelines regarding vibration exposure if using hammer drills extensively in professional applications, as prolonged exposure to hand-arm vibration can cause health issues.

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the difference between a hammer drill and an SDS drill?

Hammer drills utilise a ridged clutch mechanism to create the hammering action and accept standard round-shank drill bits in a conventional keyless chuck. SDS drills (also called rotary hammers) employ a pneumatic hammering mechanism delivering significantly greater impact energy, making them considerably more powerful for heavy-duty masonry work and demolition applications. SDS drills use special SDS+ or SDS-Max bits with grooved shanks that lock into the chuck. For most DIY and light trade work, a standard hammer drill provides sufficient power and versatility, whilst SDS drills are preferred for extensive concrete drilling, chasing walls and breaking out applications.

Can I use a hammer drill for screwdriving?

Yes, most hammer drills feature forward and reverse switches and can drive screws when the hammer function is switched off to rotary-only mode. However, they lack the adjustable torque control and clutch settings found in dedicated cordless drill drivers, making it difficult to avoid overdriving screws, stripping heads or splitting timber. They're acceptable for occasional screw driving tasks but aren't the ideal tool for this application. If you regularly drive screws, consider a dedicated cordless drill driver or combi drill alongside your hammer drill for optimal results.

How do I drill into tiles without cracking them?

Start with the hammer function completely switched off and use a dedicated tile or glass drill bit with a carbide or diamond tip. Mark your drilling position with masking tape to prevent the bit wandering on the glazed surface. Begin drilling at low speed with gentle pressure until you've penetrated through the tile surface into the substrate behind, then switch on the hammer action once you reach the masonry. This approach prevents the percussive blows from cracking or shattering the brittle tile surface. Cooling the bit periodically with water can also help prevent overheating and tile damage.

Why does my drill bit keep getting stuck in concrete?

Bits can bind when drilling deep holes as debris and dust accumulate in the hole, or when they encounter hard aggregates, steel reinforcement or particularly dense areas within concrete. Withdraw the bit periodically whilst it's still rotating to clear accumulated debris from the hole. For deep holes exceeding 50mm, use a dust extraction attachment or vacuum out debris regularly. Ensure you're using sharp masonry bits – blunt bits generate excessive friction and are more prone to binding. Don't force the drill with excessive pressure; let the hammer action do the work with steady, moderate force.

What size hammer drill do I need for standard wall plugs?

For standard domestic applications like hanging shelves, curtain poles, mirrors and pictures using brown or red wall plugs, a 550-700W hammer drill with a 13mm chuck is perfectly adequate for most homeowners. Match your drill bit size to your wall plug specification – typically 6mm bits for brown plugs, 7mm for red plugs, and 10mm for blue heavy-duty plugs. For professional trade work involving continuous use or heavy-duty fixings, opt for 750W+ models that can handle sustained operation and larger diameter bits without motor strain or thermal protection activation.